Chapter 4 of 32 · Updated for 2026
The 18th Century & Industrial Revolution: practice questions
Ten Life in the UK test questions on The 18th Century & Industrial Revolution, each checked against the official handbook and set in the four formats the real test uses. Pick your answer, then tap Show the answer to see why.
One answer
1. In which year did the Act of Union join England and Scotland as the Kingdom of Great Britain?
- A1707
- B1603
- C1689
- D1801
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A: 1707
The Act of Union of 1707, called the Treaty of Union in Scotland, created the Kingdom of Great Britain. In 1603 only the crowns were shared, and Ireland joined in 1801.
One answer
2. After the Act of Union of 1707, which of these did Scotland keep?
- AIts own parliament and foreign policy
- BIts own monarch and royal family
- CIts own standing army and navy
- DIts own legal and education systems
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D: Its own legal and education systems
Scotland was no longer an independent country but kept its own legal and education systems and its Presbyterian Church.
True or false
3. Is the statement below TRUE or FALSE?
After the Act of Union in 1707, Scotland had to adopt the English education system.
- ATrue
- BFalse
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B: False
Scotland kept its own education system, as well as its own legal system and Presbyterian Church.
One answer
4. Why was there uncertainty over the succession during Queen Anne's reign?
- AShe was a Roman Catholic
- BShe had no surviving children
- CParliament had abolished the monarchy
- DShe was not born in Britain
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B: She had no surviving children
Queen Anne, who followed William and Mary, had no surviving children. The uncertainty this caused led to the Act of Union of 1707.
Choose TWO answers
5. Which TWO statements about Scotland after the Act of Union of 1707 are correct?
- AIt kept its own monarch
- BIt kept its Presbyterian Church
- CIt was no longer an independent country
- DIt had to adopt English law
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B: It kept its Presbyterian Church
C: It was no longer an independent countryScotland was no longer independent, but it kept its own legal and education systems and its Presbyterian Church.
One answer
6. What did Richard Arkwright originally train and work as?
- AA barber
- BA blacksmith
- CA weaver
- DA sailor
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A: A barber
Richard Arkwright, born in 1732, first worked as a barber and wig maker. When wigs went out of fashion he moved into textiles.
Which statement is correct
7. Which of these statements is correct?
- AAfter his defeat at Culloden, Bonnie Prince Charlie was captured and executed.
- BAfter his defeat at Culloden, Bonnie Prince Charlie escaped back to Europe.
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B: After his defeat at Culloden, Bonnie Prince Charlie escaped back to Europe.
Charles Edward Stuart escaped to Europe after his army was defeated at Culloden in 1746.
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8. Who mainly supported Bonnie Prince Charlie when he landed in Scotland in 1745?
- AMerchants from the City of London
- BProtestant settlers in Ulster
- CClansmen from the Scottish Highlands
- DMembers of the English Parliament
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C: Clansmen from the Scottish Highlands
Charles Edward Stuart raised an army of Highland clansmen in his attempt to take the throne from George II.
True or false
9. Is the statement below TRUE or FALSE?
Britain's overseas trade in the 18th century brought it into conflict particularly with France.
- ATrue
- BFalse
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A: True
France was expanding and trading in many of the same parts of the world as Britain.
One answer
10. What kind of spinning mills did Richard Arkwright develop?
- AWind-powered mills using many machines
- BHorse-driven mills using only one machine
- CHand-worked mills in workers' cottages
- DMills powered by electric motors
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B: Horse-driven mills using only one machine
Arkwright's horse-driven mills used a single machine, making production more efficient. He later used steam engines.
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